003 Economics. Economic conditions. Economic doctrines and systems
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The effect of EIB operations on private sector lending outside the European Union
(European Investment BankΛουξεμβούργο, 2023-06-14)Does an increase in lending by multinational development banks affect the private lending activity in developing countries? We show that this is indeed the case using data on loans and investments by the European Investment ... -
The European Fund for Strategic Investments: the legacy
(European Investment BankLuxembourg, 2021-01-29)The architects of this €500 billion-plus programme, the head of the EU bank and the president of the European Commission, describe the genesis of this financial pillar of the Investment Plan for Europe. Then the people who ... -
On Inequality.
(European Investment BankLuxembourg, 2021-03-18)Does Europe have an inequality problem? Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, many Europeans are certainly struggling. The rise of populist movements is another signal that something is awry. Many Europeans no longer see their economy ... -
Recovery and resilience scoreboard. SME Support.
(Publications Office of the European UnionLuxembourg, 2022-01)Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of Europe's economy, representing 99% of all businesses in the EU, employing two thirds of the EU workforce and accounting for more than half of value added. They ... -
Study on providing public transport in cross-border regions – mapping of existing services and legal obstacles
(Publications Office of the European UnionLuxembourg, 2022-02-24)This case study report presents the business model for the cross-border rail service between Berlin (Germany) and Kostrzyn nad Odrą1 (Poland). This report is part of a series of 31 case studies developed in the framework ... -
Enhanced Surveillance Report – Greece, September 2020 Communication from the Commission and accompanying Commission Staff Working Document
(Directorate-General for Economic and Financial AffairsBrussels, 2020-09-23)Economic developments and policies in Greece are monitored under the European Semester for economic policy co-ordination and under the enhanced surveillance framework according to Regulation (EU) No 472/2013 ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2012.
(European UnionBrussels, 2012-04-10)In the past months the perception of integrity of the euro area has improved substantially. Predictions of a disintegration of the euro area, which were rife a year ago, have been proven ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2012.
(European UnionBrussels, 2012-03-10)The relative calm on the markets during the month of August offered everyone a much-needed pause to recover and reflect. Instrumental in placating the situation – maybe not permanently, ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2012.
(European UnionBrussels, 2012-02-10)In the past weeks and months the stability of the Economic and Monetary Union has been increasingly called into question, at least in certain segments of financial market commentary. At this ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2012.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2012-01-10)The beginning of this year has seen further advances in stemming the tide of the euro-area crisis and setting right the remaining weaknesses in the economic governance framework. To be sure, during ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2011.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2011-03-10)Over the summer months, the crisis has reached new levels of seriousness and urgency as dangerous feedback loops between sovereign risks, banking sector health and the wider economy ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2011.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2011-01-10)Following the difficult period of deep recession in 2009, the euro-area recovery that set in subsequently remains on track. However, growth in the coming quarters is expected to not ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2011.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2011-10-25)In spring 2011, considerable challenges still lie ahead for the euro area economy, which require a comprehensive policy response. Especially in the light of the sovereign debt problems in some euro-area ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2010.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2010-10-20)As the tumultuous year of 2010 draws to a close, the euro-area economy presents itself in a complex state marked by a certain ambivalence of fortunes. While great achievements have been made and ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2010.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2010-10-20)The global economic and financial crisis has put the spotlight on the macroeconomic imbalances that had built up in a number of Member States during the decade. It has also underscored the shortcomings ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2010.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2010-10-01)The euro-area recovery remains on track although the renewed market turbulence seen over the past two months shows that uncertainty and downside risks remain high. Recoveries following ... -
European Economy. Quarterly report on the euro area 2010.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2010-10-01)The global economy is slowly emerging from the great recession. This crisis has affected all economies around the world. In the euro area GDP contracted by 4% in 2009, unemployment surged, ... -
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions and the European Bank. Tenth Report on the practical preparations for the future enlargement of the euro area.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2010-07-27)Since the latest enlargement of the euro area to Slovakia on 1 January 2009, the group of the EU Member States using the single currency comprises 16 members. Following the Council Decision of 13 July 2010 ... -
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions and the European Bank. Ninth report on the practical preparations for the future enlargement of the euro area.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2009-12-21)Following the latest enlargement of the euro area to Slovakia on 1 January 2009, nine European Union Member States are now bound to adopt the euro once they fulfil the criteria prescribed by the Treaty on ... -
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions and the European Bank. Seventh report on the practical preparations for the future enlargement of the euro area.
(European CommissionBrussels, 2008-07-18)As of January 2008, the euro area comprises 15 out of 27 Member States of the EU. Among the remaining 12 countries, 10 are the 'Member States with derogation' which are expected to adopt the euro once they fulfil the ...